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That's not a Resistor, it's an Inductor, ~1uH. It's for the 5v input from the External port, so if you don't change the thing in a dock, you don't need it.
No idea what the specs are of the original part, but I'd put something with a little higher current rating in there, around 1A or so.
1A or so doesn't mean exactly 1A, anything around there should work, 800mA to 1.2A for example. You can look on DigiKey or Mouser for parts like that to get specific part numbers.
You don't even need that part unless you use a dock to charge it.You also didn't look at DigiKey, becasue there are 22 of them that are 0603 within those specs.
There is no reason to step up the 1.8v to 3.3v as that will just add more parts and complexity to the setup. There is already a 3.2v source in there that the Touchpad runs on, and tapping onto that for a micro shouldn't be to much for it, if it needs to be run at a higher voltage. Now if it will work at 1.8v, then all the better, but you need to dig into the specs of that more, as I know that some chips that say they will work on 1.8v have a nasty secret of only running on that lower voltage AFTER they have been started up on 1.9v or more, which means that it will NOT work from a 1.8v source.