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1 - The color of the plastic shouldn't have anything to do with the sensitivity. There are different range POTs, but I haven't gone looking for them in the XB1/DS4 style of stick, so for you to possibly have one seems odd. You'd have to take it off the board and measure it and compare it to an original one to see if there are any differences.2 - Never used that to test a controller before, but -1, -1 means the stick is press all the way in 2 directions, so I'd look for either a solder bridge, torn up pads or broken traces as something is telling it to go full tilt there. 3 - Yes they are needed, they didn't put them there for show. I'd fix it, but I've done that kind or repair work before. You'll need to put at least 4 or 5 jumper wires in there to reconnect all of the damaged areas to other places.